NEET Biology PYQ Analysis
NEET Genetics Most Repeated PYQs: Principles of Inheritance & Variation
A source-checked analysis of recurring NEET Genetics PYQ concepts, with special focus on Mendelian disorders, NCERT facts and a practical NEET 2027 revision plan.
Gyanoda Medical Academic Team
NEET Biology Research & Academic Review
NEET 2027NEET Genetics PYQPrinciples of InheritanceMendelian DisordersNCERT Biology
Last Updated: October 1, 2026
Official Sources: NCERT Class 12 Biology (2025-26 reprint), NTA NEET (UG) 2022 and 2023 records, Archived NEET/AIPMT 2016 paper sets
If Genetics feels difficult, begin with two resources: NCERT and previous-year questions (PYQs). A review of NEET papers shows that examiners often return to the same NCERT concept in a new format. The wording may change from a statement question to matching or molecular reasoning, but the tested fact remains familiar.
Paper codes and the main/Manipur sittings can change the question number and wording. Therefore, revise the concept family instead of memorising a single option sequence.
(a) Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease.
(b) Down's syndrome is due to aneuploidy.
(c) Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene disorder.
(d) Sickle-cell anaemia is an X-linked recessive gene disorder.
Statement I: Sickle-cell anaemia and haemophilia are autosomal dominant traits.
Statement II: Sickle-cell anaemia and haemophilia are disorders of the blood.
Choose the correct answer.
These are the recurring question families worth revising first. They are more useful than a misleading claim that a fixed set of exact questions will repeat in NEET 2027.
"Repeated PYQ does not always mean a word-for-word repeat. In Genetics, it usually means the same NCERT fact is tested through a different question frame."
— Gyanoda Medical Academic Team
What Our NEET Genetics PYQ Review Found
The clearest recurring cluster is Mendelian disorders: identifying the inheritance pattern, distinguishing a gene disorder from a chromosomal disorder, and connecting a disorder with its molecular cause. The 2016, 2022 and 2023 papers all tested knowledge from this cluster. This is a recurrence of concepts—not a claim that one identical question appeared in every paper.| Exam year | Question pattern seen | NCERT fact to master |
|---|---|---|
| NEET 2016 | Correct-statement selection involving haemophilia, Down syndrome, phenylketonuria and sickle-cell anaemia | Inheritance type and the difference between Mendelian and chromosomal disorders |
| NEET 2022 | Questions again tested human inheritance and genetic-disorder concepts within Principles of Inheritance and Variation | Autosomal recessive, sex-linked recessive, point mutation and aneuploidy |
| NEET 2023 | Statement-based testing revisited haemophilia and sickle-cell anaemia; the Manipur paper tested the beta-globin base-pair change | Haemophilia is sex-linked recessive; sickle-cell anaemia is an autosomal recessive point-mutation disorder |
Repeated NEET Genetics Questions: Year-Wise List
Below is the practical repeat list from our paper review. Questions are paraphrased so you can see the recurring idea quickly. The years column means that the same NCERT fact or solving pattern was tested again; it does not always mean that NTA repeated every word or option.NEET 2016 Phase 1 — Question 76 (Code C/R/Y)
Question: Pick out the correct statements:(a) Haemophilia is a sex-linked recessive disease.
(b) Down's syndrome is due to aneuploidy.
(c) Phenylketonuria is an autosomal recessive gene disorder.
(d) Sickle-cell anaemia is an X-linked recessive gene disorder.
- A. (a), (b) and (c) are correct
- B. (a), (c) and (d) are correct
- C. (a) and (d) are correct
- D. (b) and (d) are correct
NEET 2022 Phase 2 / Re-Exam — Question 101 (Code W6)
Question: Given below are two statements:Statement I: Sickle-cell anaemia and haemophilia are autosomal dominant traits.
Statement II: Sickle-cell anaemia and haemophilia are disorders of the blood.
Choose the correct answer.
- A. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is correct
- B. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct
- C. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect
- D. Statement I is correct but Statement II is incorrect
NEET 2023 Manipur — Question 33
Question: In which disorder does a change of a single base pair in the gene for the beta-globin chain result in the replacement of glutamic acid by valine?- A. Thalassemia
- B. Sickle-cell anaemia
- C. Haemophilia
- D. Phenylketonuria
"These three are not an exact word-for-word repeat. They form a verified repeat chain: disorder classification in 2016, inheritance and blood-disorder classification in 2022, and molecular cause in 2023."
— Gyanoda PYQ Review
| Repeated question / pattern | Years seen | Answer to remember |
|---|---|---|
| Classify haemophilia by its inheritance pattern | 2016, 2022, 2023 | X-linked recessive disorder |
| Classify sickle-cell anaemia and identify its molecular change | 2016, 2021, 2022, 2023 | Autosomal recessive; Glu is replaced by Val at position 6 of the beta-globin chain |
| Identify phenylketonuria as a Mendelian disorder | 2016, 2024 | Autosomal recessive; also a standard example of pleiotropy |
| Recognise Down syndrome from symptoms or karyotype | 2016, 2022, 2023, 2024 | Trisomy 21 caused by aneuploidy |
| Recognise Klinefelter syndrome from chromosome complement and symptoms | 2023, 2025 | 47, XXY; sterile male with some feminine development |
| Solve a colour-blindness inheritance cross | 2016, 2022, 2024 | Treat colour blindness as an X-linked recessive trait and track sons and daughters separately |
| Find affected offspring when both parents carry an autosomal-recessive allele | 2021 and related disorder questions in 2016/2023 | Aa × Aa gives 25% affected, 50% carriers and 25% unaffected non-carriers |
| Identify a test cross or choose the correct tester genotype | 2016, 2024 | Cross the dominant-phenotype individual with a homozygous recessive individual |
| Match monohybrid, dihybrid, incomplete-dominance and test-cross ratios | 2022, 2023, 2024 | 3:1; 9:3:3:1; 1:2:1; and 1:1, respectively, under the standard conditions |
| Use a dihybrid cross and the law of independent assortment | 2022, 2023, 2024 | The classic F2 phenotypic ratio is 9:3:3:1 when genes assort independently |
| Explain why parental combinations exceed recombinants | 2016, 2022, 2023 | The genes are linked on the same chromosome |
| Use recombination frequency to infer gene distance or order | 2019, 2022, 2023 | One percent recombination equals one map unit or centimorgan; lower frequency means closer genes |
| Identify who proposed and who experimentally verified chromosomal theory | 2020, 2022 | Sutton and Boveri proposed it; T. H. Morgan experimentally verified it |
| Identify codominance and multiple allelism using ABO blood groups | 2024 and earlier NEET/AIPMT papers | I-A and I-B are codominant; both are dominant over i |
| Identify incomplete dominance using Snapdragon flower colour | 2024 and earlier NEET papers | Red × white gives pink F1; F2 phenotypic and genotypic ratios are both 1:2:1 |
| Read standard pedigree symbols or identify an inheritance pattern | 2022, 2023, 2025 | Square = male, circle = female, shaded = affected, double line = consanguineous mating |
| Identify XO or haplodiploid sex determination | 2022, 2023 and later papers | XO occurs in grasshoppers; honeybees use haplodiploidy |
| Distinguish Mendelian disorders from chromosomal disorders | 2016, 2022, 2023, 2024 | Single-gene disorders include haemophilia, sickle-cell anaemia and phenylketonuria; Down, Turner and Klinefelter syndromes are chromosomal |
The Three-Year Mendelian Disorder Repeat Highlighted in the Instagram Post
- NEET 2016: a correct-statement question combined haemophilia, Down syndrome, phenylketonuria and sickle-cell anaemia.
- NEET 2022: statement and inheritance questions again tested sickle-cell anaemia, haemophilia and blood-disorder classification.
- NEET 2023: the same concept family returned through haemophilia/sickle-cell statements and a beta-globin point-mutation question in the Manipur paper.
The High-Yield Mendelian Disorders Table
| Disorder | Inheritance / cause | NEET-ready recall point |
|---|---|---|
| Haemophilia | X-linked recessive | More commonly expressed in males; defective blood-clotting mechanism |
| Sickle-cell anaemia | Autosomal recessive; point mutation | Glutamic acid is replaced by valine in the beta-globin chain |
| Phenylketonuria | Autosomal recessive | Phenylalanine metabolism is affected; the mutant gene is on chromosome 12 |
| Thalassemia | Autosomal recessive | Reduced synthesis of an alpha- or beta-globin chain: a quantitative defect |
| Down syndrome | Chromosomal aneuploidy | Trisomy 21; it is not a single-gene Mendelian disorder |
Most Repeated Genetics Concepts to Revise for NEET 2027
- Mendel's crosses: monohybrid and dihybrid ratios, test cross, dominance and segregation.
- Exceptions and extensions: incomplete dominance, codominance, multiple alleles and pleiotropy.
- Chromosomal theory: linkage, recombination and Morgan's work.
- Human inheritance: pedigree symbols and autosomal versus sex-linked traits.
- Mendelian disorders: haemophilia, sickle-cell anaemia, phenylketonuria, thalassemia and cystic fibrosis.
- Chromosomal disorders: Down, Turner and Klinefelter syndromes, with their chromosome complements.
How the Same NCERT Fact Becomes Different Questions
Take sickle-cell anaemia. One paper may ask its inheritance pattern, another may ask for the amino-acid substitution, and another may place it beside haemophilia or thalassemia in a statement set. All three come from one compact NCERT passage. Your revision should connect disorder → inheritance → chromosome or gene → molecular change → phenotype.A 4-Step NCERT + PYQ Method for Genetics
- Read the current NCERT chapter line by line. Mark definitions, examples, ratios, chromosome numbers and every named disorder.
- Solve PYQs topic-wise. Start with Mendelian disorders, pedigree, crosses, linkage and chromosomal disorders before taking a mixed chapter test.
- Maintain a one-page error log. Write the exact NCERT fact behind every wrong answer, not just the correct option.
- Reattempt on a schedule. Repeat wrong questions after 24 hours, seven days and 30 days, then finish with a timed chapter test.
Quick Self-Test: Can You Answer These?
- Which listed disorders are autosomal recessive, and which one is X-linked recessive?
- Why is Down syndrome a chromosomal disorder rather than a Mendelian disorder?
- What exact amino-acid substitution produces the sickle-cell phenotype?
- How does a test cross reveal the genotype of an individual showing a dominant phenotype?
- Which chromosome complements identify Turner and Klinefelter syndromes?
Research Sources and Verification Notes
The syllabus mapping and Biology facts were checked against the official NCERT Class 12 Biology textbook. Exam records were cross-checked with the NTA archive containing the NEET 2022 final-answer-key record and the official NEET 2023 final answer key. The 2016 paper predates NTA administration; archived set-wise papers were used for the concept comparison. Answer keys verify official responses, while archived papers are necessary to inspect question wording.Turn Genetics PYQs Into Marks
Read the NCERT chapter, solve verified previous-year questions, record every mistake and retest the weak concept until recall is automatic.
Related Articles
Preparation Strategy
How to Prepare for NEET in 6 Months – Complete Plan
Struggling with limited time? Here is a realistic 6-month NEET study plan covering syllabus coverage, revision cycles and mock test strategy.
Read MoreSubject StrategyNEET Biology Weightage: Which Chapters to Prioritize
NEET Biology carries 50% weightage. Know which chapters give maximum marks and how to prioritize your Botany and Zoology revision.
Read MorePreparation MistakesCommon NEET Mistakes to Avoid While Preparing
The most common mistakes NEET aspirants make while preparing, and simple fixes to avoid losing easy marks in the exam.
Read More
Get the app